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TIME: Almanac 1990
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1990 Time Magazine Compact Almanac, The (1991)(Time).iso
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time
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070389
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07038900.041
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1990-09-22
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BUSINESS, Page 44Money AnglesHappy Returns in Home LoansBy Andrew Tobias
A young investment banker I know went bankrupt not long ago.
He had let his debts get the better of him and had gambled
recklessly in the market. But he was of essentially good character
and excellent financial prospects, so if only his creditors had
borne with him until he got his bonus, everything would have been
fine. "Sure, sure," said three of his creditors, who had heard it
all before. They forced him into bankruptcy over $60,000. Six
months later, he got a quarter of a million dollars bonus and paid
off all his creditors except the three. When his rage at them
subsides, he may pay them too. I hope so.
Now he wants to buy a $300,000 house in Connecticut with
$100,000 down. Have you tried getting a mortgage after going
bankrupt? Never mind the circumstances or the size of your down
payment; almost no bank will touch it.
But that's where you or I might come in. You or I might look
at this and say gee, bankruptcy or no, the $300,000 house supports
a $200,000 first mortgage. You might not want to lend that kind of
money -- if you have that kind of money -- at 11% for 30 years. But
how about lending it at 14% for two years, backed by a first
mortgage and the borrower's personal guarantee? With the borrower
paying all closing costs? And perhaps with even a point or two
thrown in for good measure?
If you have a spare $50,000 or $500,000, that's a mortgage you
might want to make. It matches the yield on all but the junkiest
junk bonds and, if you're careful, entails a lot less risk. Such
deals are widely available. There are borrowers who can offer good
security but, for whatever reason, can't get a conventional loan,
or can't get it as fast as they need it.
To find them, start by contacting mortgage brokers in your area
and letting them know you might be a source of funds. A second
possibility: talk to local real estate agents and attorneys, who
may frequently encounter buyers in search of mortgage money. A
third: take an ad in the real estate section offering to buy
existing mortgages, typically from home sellers who had to finance
their buyers by taking back a mortgage.
It's crucial to be represented by a knowledgeable attorney and
get ample security -- or at least an interest rate commensurate
with the risk. If it's a second mortgage, the going rate can be 16%
or more, but it's all the more important to ascertain the true
market value of the property and obtain other collateral. You must
be certain that there's title, fire and flood insurance on the
property and that your mortgage is recorded properly. And you
should never assume that a property appraised at $300,000 today
will yield anything near $300,000 in the event of foreclosure. The
appraisal might have been high, selling costs will typically eat
up at least 6% or 7% of the proceeds, the property could have
deteriorated in the meantime, and the bottom could have fallen out
of real estate prices.
Still, for careful investors, here is a way to earn high
interest on large chunks of cash, with some additional effort but
little additional risk. Other points to note:
When the loan matures, you may have the opportunity to renew
it on similarly favorable terms. The borrower has an incentive to
stick with you: by doing so, even at an above-market rate, he saves
what may be thousands of dollars in a new set of processing fees,
points and closing costs.
The interest you earn is fully taxable.
If you'd rather not deal with the borrower directly, your
lawyer can serve as your trustee, disbursing the loan and
collecting the monthly payments.
If the borrower is a friend, he probably won't be one for long.
You must always be prepared for the possibility you might one
day have to foreclose on the property. Considering all the costs
-- financial and emotional -- is it something you could do?